he had to
Il a dû boire et s'endormir quelque part.
He must have been drinking and fallen asleep somewhere.
— Les Affranchis (1990)
Il a dû t'apprendre quelque chose.
He must have taught you something.
— Entretien avec un vampire (1994)
Il a dû vous raconter un épisode de "Star Trek".
He must have told you about an episode of Star Trek.
— Chute libre (1993)
Il a dû faire appel à toute son expérience pour exécuter le plan.
He had to call upon all his experience to execute the plan.
Il a dû nous suivre discrètement jusqu'ici.
He must have followed us here without us noticing.
— Old Boy (2003)
Il a dû mourir en même temps que ton père.
He must have died at the same time as your father.
— La Guerre des étoiles (1977)
He must have done something.
Il a dû nous repérer, c'est sûr.
He must have spotted us, for sure.
— The Tall Blond Man with One Black Shoe (1972)
Il n'en a pas parlé clairement car il a dû l'apprendre en confession.
He didn’t speak about it clearly because he must have learned it in confession.
— Manon des sources (1986)
Il a dû tomber pendant qu'on dansait.
He must have fallen while we were dancing.
— Santa Claus Is a Stinker (1982)
Mais Vanraj le fera, il a dû apprendre.
But Vanraj will do it, he must have learned.
— Mon cœur est déjà pris (1999)
Il a dû réduire le prix de ses marchandises.
He had to reduce the price of his goods.
Il a dû passer la nuit chez sa sœur.
He must have spent the night at his sister’s.
Il a dû être transporté à l'hôpital.
He had to be taken to the hospital.
Je l'avais mis dans ma poche, il a dû tomber.
I had put it in my pocket; it must have fallen out.
— L'Accusé (2017)
Il a dû subir de nombreuses épreuves.
He had to endure many trials.
Il avait un tel mal de tête qu'il a dû annuler la réunion.
He had such a bad headache that he had to cancel the meeting.
Il a dû t'arriver quelque chose.
Something must have happened to you.
— Trois couleurs : Bleu (1993)
Mais il a dû rencontrer quelqu'un et cette personne l'a changé.
But he must have met someone, and that person changed him.
— Your Name. (2016)
He had to leave town.
Il a dû rater son train habituel.
He must have missed his usual train.
Il a dû être plus malin que Vizzini.
He must have been smarter than Vizzini.
— Princess Bride (1987)
Il a dû emmener ta mère à l'hôpital.
He must have taken your mother to the hospital.
— Marty Supreme (2025)
Il a dû pénétrer dans cette pièce.
He must have entered this room.
Il a dû être muté au bout du monde.
He had to be transferred to the other side of the world.
— Dans ses yeux (2009)
Ça fait neuf ans, il a dû oublier.
It's been nine years, he must have forgotten.
— Le Conformiste (1971)
Il a dû payer une amende parce qu'il s'était garé au mauvais endroit.
He had to pay a fine because he had parked in the wrong place.
Il a dû encore sauter par-dessus la barrière.
He had to jump over the barrier again.
Il a dû y avoir une erreur de communication.
There must have been a miscommunication.
— Star Trek: The Next Generation - Chain of Command (1992)
Il a dû sortir boire des verres avec des copains.
He must have gone out for drinks with some friends.
— A Taxi Driver (2017)
Il a dû aller faire des courses.
He had to go shopping.
He had to sell his car.
Il a dû baisser la tête pour ne pas se faire trancher la gorge.
He had to duck his head to avoid having his throat cut.
— Le Petit Soldat (1963)
Il a dû avouer qu'il était responsable de l'erreur.
He had to admit that he was responsible for the mistake.
Il a dû la cacher dans l'une de ces pièces.
He must have hidden it in one of these rooms.
— Full River Red (2023)
Il a dû retourner en ville à pied, c'est tout.
He must have had to walk back into town, that's all.
— Heureux comme Lazzaro (2018)
Il a dû lui arriver quelque chose en chemin.
Something must have happened to him along the way.
Il a dû se tromper et en prendre un de trop.
He must have made a mistake and taken one too many.
— Titane (2021)
Il a dû se passer quelque chose.
Something must have happened.
He must have changed his mind.
Il a dû trouver quelque chose à son goût.
He must have found something to his liking.
Nous ignorons pourquoi il a dû partir.
We don't know why he had to leave.
He must have had enough.
Il a dû être opéré quand il était jeune.
He had to have surgery when he was young.
C'était un médecin militaire, il a dû vouloir l'aider, sans succès.
He was a military doctor; he must have wanted to help him, but without success.
— Blade Runner 2049 (2017)
Il a dû étudier sérieusement l'anglais.
He must have studied English seriously.
Il a dû téléphoner quatre fois chez Tommy.
He had to phone Tommy's house four times.
— Les Affranchis (1990)
He had to go home.
But he must have been mistaken.
— Le Seigneur des anneaux : Les Deux Tours (2002)
Il a dû se faire bouffer par un rat.
He must have been eaten by a rat.
— The Beat That My Heart Skipped (2005)
Je me disais qu'il a dû mourir chargé de haine.
I was thinking that he must have died full of hatred.
— Princesse Mononoké (1997)
Oui, il a dû tomber quelque part dans la forêt vierge.
Yes, he must have fallen somewhere in the jungle.
— La Chèvre (1981)
Après l'arrestation de Dantès, il a dû reprendre Danglars comme capitaine.
After Dantès was arrested, he had to reinstate Danglars as captain.
— The Count of Monte Cristo (2024)
Il a dû employer ce qui était à sa disposition.
He had to use what was available to him.
Il a dû avoir peur en voyant ça.
He must have been scared when he saw that.
Il a dû rester pour superviser la construction.
He had to stay to supervise the construction.
— Je suis toujours là (2024)
Il a dû se séparer de sa maison.
He had to part with his house.
Il a dû se remettre de son rhume.
He must have recovered from his cold.
Il a dû se dire qu'elle ne le suivrait pas dehors, les fesses a l'air.
He must have thought she wouldn’t follow him outside with her bare ass hanging out.
— Shower (1999)
Il a dû mourir pendant la nuit.
He must have died during the night.
— Le Seigneur des anneaux : Les Deux Tours (2002)
Il a dû prendre son avion à la dernière minute.
He had to catch his flight at the last minute.
— Piège de cristal (1988)
He must have missed the plane.
— The Tall Blond Man with One Black Shoe (1972)
Il a dû quitter la ville, alors il a déménagé à Berlin.
He had to leave the city, so he moved to Berlin.
Il a dû se conformer à sa décision.
He had to comply with his decision.
Il a dû te dire de me buter une fois le magot chargé.
He must have told you to kill me once the loot was loaded.
— The Dark Knight : Le Chevalier noir (2008)
Il a dû oublier par manque de temps.
He must have forgotten due to a lack of time.
— Quand passent les cigognes (1957)
Il a dû découvrir quelque chose par hasard.
He must have discovered something by chance.