must have
En su tiempo debió de ser un envoltorio.
It must have been a wrapper back in the day.
— Ratatouille (2007)
Él debió de darse cuenta que somos sus padres adoptivos.
He must have realized that we are his adoptive parents.
— Bāhubali: The Beginning (2015)
A juzgar por la violencia del impacto, debió de morir en el acto.
Judging by the violence of the impact, he must have died instantly.
Y este pobre chico no tenía madre, debió de pasar mucha hambre.
And this poor boy had no mother; he must have gone very hungry.
— The Host (2006)