口内炎が

a canker sore

→ 口内炎
phrase Rare #33,131
a canker sore 口内炎 means “canker sore” or “mouth ulcer,” and が marks it as the subject. This phrase is usually followed by a verb such as できる, meaning “to develop” or “to get.”
JA: 口内炎ができて、食べるのがつらい。
EN: I have a canker sore, so eating is difficult.

口内炎ができているのです

I have a canker sore.

口内炎が痛くてあまり食べられないんだ

My canker sore hurts, so I can't eat much.

また口内炎ができちゃった

I got another canker sore.

私はの中を噛んで口内炎ができた

I bit the inside of my lip and got a canker sore.

口内炎ができて食事する痛くて痛くて

I have a mouth ulcer, and it hurts terribly whenever I eat.