に影響を及ぼす

to affect; to have an influence on

→ に
phrase Rare #35,621
to affect; to have an influence on The particle に marks what is affected. 影響を及ぼす is a formal expression meaning to have an effect on something.
JA: オゾン層の破壊は環境に影響を及ぼす。
EN: The destruction of the ozone layer affects the environment.

熱帯雨林の破壊は環境に影響を及ぼす。

The destruction of rainforests affects the environment.

オゾン層の破壊は環境に影響を及ぼす。

Ozone layer depletion affects the environment.

この決断が、今後の彼のキャリアに影響を及ぼすでしょう。

This decision will affect his career going forward.

この論文は私の思考に影響を及ぼすだろう。

This paper will influence my thinking.