教授が

the professor

→ 教授
phrase Rare #32,225
the professor 教授 means “professor,” and が marks it as the subject of the sentence. The が is often translated implicitly rather than with a separate English word.
JA: 教授が新しい研究について話した。
EN: The professor talked about new research.

教授がみんなの分支払ってくれた

The professor paid for everyone.

教授が志願しなければ

Unless the professor volunteers.

— ストーカー (1979)

ちょうどその時教授が入ってきた

Just at that moment, the professor walked in.

教授が聞こえる

Professor... can you hear me?

— es[エス] (2001)

教授がみんなの勘定を払ってくれた

The professor paid for everyone's meal.