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苦しんでいた

was suffering

→ 苦しむ
phrase Uncommon #12,106
was suffering The subject may be singular or plural; context determines whether to translate it as “was suffering” or “were suffering.”
JA: 彼は長い間、病気に苦しんでいた。
EN: He was suffering from an illness for a long time.

彼はどう説明しようかと苦しんでいた。

He was agonizing over how to explain it.

彼は痛がって苦しんでいた。

He was in pain and suffering.

彼女は痛みに苦しんでいた。

She was suffering from pain.

奴隷たちは残酷な抑圧に苦しんでいた。

The slaves suffered under brutal oppression.